<h1><span style="background-color: rgb(250, 204, 204);">Global Positioning System (GPS)&nbsp;</span></h1><p><br></p><p><img src="https://sunyaias-resources.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/content/085a242a-267f-11ec-acba-45a6a8eeb797.png"></p><p><br></p><h2><strong style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 204);">Global Positioning System:</strong></h2><ul><li>Global Positioning System (GPS) is a <strong>satellite-based navigation</strong> system that consists of 24 orbiting satellites, each of which makes two circuits around the Earth every 24 hours.</li></ul><p><br></p><p class="ql-indent-1"><strong>Working of GPS:</strong></p><ul><li class="ql-indent-1">The satellites transmit three bits of information:</li></ul><ol><li class="ql-indent-3">The satellite’s number</li><li class="ql-indent-3">Its position in space</li><li class="ql-indent-3">The time the information is sent.</li></ol><ul><li class="ql-indent-1">These signals are picked up by the GPS receiver, which uses this information to calculate the distance between it and the GPS satellites.</li><li class="ql-indent-1">With signals from three or more satellites, a GPS receiver can<strong> triangulate its location </strong>on the ground (i.e. longitude and latitude) from the known position of the satellites.</li><li class="ql-indent-1">With four or more satellites, a GPS receiver can determine a <strong>3D position</strong> (i.e. latitude, longitude, and elevation)</li></ul><h2><br></h2><h2><strong style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 204);">The navigation system of various countries are:</strong></h2><p>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="https://sunyaias-resources.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/content/085a242e-267f-11ec-acba-45a6a8eeb797.png"></p><p><br></p><h2><strong style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 204);">India's NAVIC:</strong></h2><ul><li>NAVIC is also known as <strong>Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System</strong> (IRNSS)</li><li>It is an abbreviation of NAVigation with Indian Constellation.</li><li>It is a regional navigation satellite system independently developed by India.&nbsp;</li><li>It provides information service regarding the position to users in India and to the regions, extending up to <strong>1500 km from the boundary of India</strong></li><li>IRNSS provides the following<strong> two types of services:</strong></li></ul><ol><li class="ql-indent-3">Standard Positioning Service(It is provided to all users)</li><li class="ql-indent-3">Restricted Service(It is an encrypted service and provided to only authorized users)</li></ol><ul><li>IRNSS at present consists of <strong>7 satellites</strong> with two add-on satellites.</li></ul>